Upright steam-boiler



( d l.) 2 sheets -sheet 1.

D. HALE. Upright Steam-B0i1er.

Patented May 4 .1880.

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{No Model.) A 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 D. HALE. Upright St eam-Boiler.

No. 227,105. Patented May 4,1880.

N.PEIER8. PHOIO-LITHDGRAFNER. WASHNGTON. D, C.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

DANIEL HALE, OF GEORGETOWN, MASSACHUSETTS.

UPRIGHT STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 227,105, dated May 4,1880.

Application filed March 24, 1880. (No model.) i

To all whom it may concern Be itknown that I, DANIEL HALE, ofGeorgetown, in the county of Essex and State of Massachusetts, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Upright Steam-Boilersand attachments thereto; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull, clear, and exact description of the invention, which will enableothers skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use thesame, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of thisspecification.

Like letters of reference indicate like parts in all the figures.

Before describing my invention I will briefly remark that it is wellknown to engine-builders, engineers, and others that port-able enginesas now constructed are unwieldy, cumbersome, and heavy, owing to thelarge amount or quantity of metal used in their construction, and alsovery costly, on account of such metal and the labor required to fit upand finish them.

In the ordinary construction the engine is secured to the boiler at suchpoints that a great shocking, shivering, and an unsteady motion isimparted to the whole machine by the thud of the engine while passingdead-centers, particularly so when the engine is running at anyextraordinary speed, thus loosening theboiler-seams and other joints,causing them to leak, as well as causing the uneven wearing of thebearing-surfaces.

The object of my invention,.is therefore, to remedy the above-nameddefects and others obvious to practical men.

My design is also to provide a more durable, simple, compact, andeconomic engine and boiler, both in first cost and in repairs,as well aseconomy in the evaporation of steam and in the consumption of fuel.

To this end, therefore, my invention consists, essentially, in providingthe lower section of the boiler, below the grate, with a water-heatercommunicating with the water-supply pump and the exhaust-steam heater;secondly, in the peculiar construction of the boiler by which asteam-space is provided within the water-space of the boiler, saidsteam-space being provided with certain steam and water separatingdevices, as will hereinafter appear; also, in the construction andarrangement of the tubes,

flues, circulating devices, and other features, which will be fullydescribed, and pointed out in the claims; also, in the location of themain driving-shaft, by which the shaking and jarring motion of theengine is greatly lessened, if not entirely avoided. Universalbearingjoints may be made for the journals.

Referring to the accompanying sheets of drawings, and to the letters ofreference marked thereon, Figure 1 represents a vertical section of theboiler, plainly showing the water-heater or jacket with the main orcrank shaft running through it, also the heater and engine and theirconnections in elevation; Fig. 2, a vertical central section taken atright angles to Fig. 1, and showing the smoke-stack or uptake inelevation and partly in section.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the top of the boiler,

part of the top tube-sheet being broken away to show the position of thesteam chamber or pocket. Fig. 4 is a transverse section taken on theline y 1 Fig. 2, showing the waterjacket and heater with the main shaftrunning through it, and also showing the hollow or chambered castingwhich forms the foundation of the boiler and bearings for the mainshaft.

Fig. 5 shows another style of boiler with my improvements attached, andalso circulating coil-tubes and an independent steam-chamber, which alsoacts as a superheater, and which is readily detachable.

Referring to the drawings more in detail, A is the boiler, provided withfire-tubes 1) directly over the furnace B, and communicating withsmoke-chamber G, and fastened, in the usual manner, into the upper andlower tubesheets.

D shows another set of smoke-tubes; but these are return-tubes, theupper ends of which are fastened in the upper tube-sheet, the same asthe direct tubes 1). They continue down below the direct tubes andthrough the waterspace surrounding the furnace, and are fastened into anannular plate, (1, which surrounds the furnace and forms a partitionbetween the water-space in the boilerand the lower smokechamber, E.

It will be seen that I thus have a return-flue boiler, utilizing as faras possible the entire heat of the products of combustion by presentin ga large heating-surface.

The top or cap'F is detachable forthe purpose of ready access forcleaning or repairs, so

that should a tube become leaky it can be readily removed and replaced,the difficulty heretofore being that when a tube became loose a greatportion of the boiler had to be torn away to get to it.

The whole structure forming the boiler is made up of three sectionsfirmly fastened togethert'. 0., the lower section, forming the ashpit;the middle section,forming the generatin g-chamber and steam-space; andthe last and upper section, forming the smoke chamber. The lower one ofthese sections, E, is cast in one piece and forms the ash-pit. Aroundthis ash-pit is formed an annular chamber between the inner and outerwalls, 0 f. This annular chamber serves the purpose of a smoke-box,communicating with the lower end of a go-by uptake, whose function willbe more fully described.

Centrally and across the ash-pit E, and between its bottom and thegrate-bars, I locate a water-cylinder, G, having running through it asmaller cylinder, by which I form an annular water-space, and which Iterm a heater, and through which the feed-water passes, there beingpipe-connections IL to the pump or injector, and at its other endanother set of pipe-connections, g, to the exhaust-steam heater, andthence to the boiler. Through this cylinder G, located as described, Irun my main crank-shaft H, the bearings of which are cast in the sidesof the ash-pit; and, as usual, I place my fly or balance wheel on oneend, and on the other I attach my crank or disk.

It will be readily seen that the cold water from thepump or injectormaintains the shaft in its cool normal condition, and at the same timethe water is more or less heated on its way to the heater proper, thehot water never entering the water cylinder Gr unless, indeed, it shouldbe used for a heating and circulating deviceindependent of its characterin this case; but the gist of this device G is to form a solidfoundation for the crank-shaft near the floor or ground and centrallyand transversely through the boiler-foundation. In this way the powerexerted by the engine is transferred to the most solid portion of thestructure, and by this means the jar, shaking, and shivering caused bythe thud of the engine while passing the dead-centers, or from othercauses, is avoided or transferred to where it is least felt.

I thus produce a smoother running and a more solid and compact engine,either for stationary or portable purposes, and by transferrin g the jaror shaking below the water and steam joints I preserve them from strain,and consequently from leaking. I also balance the engine and boiler bylocating on one side of the boiler an exhaust-steam heater, nearlycorresponding in weight to the cylinder and its attachments, thusequalizing as far as possible the weight of the apparatus on all sides,which is found to be generally desirable, as well as producing anesthetic effect.

In Fig; 2 is shown the'steam-chamber I, within the water-space of theboiler, and extending from nearly the top tube-sheet to the bot tom. Ifind this arrangement very convenient and valuable, as it serves everypurpose of a steam-dome and occupies a position entirely out of the way.Near the top of this steamchamber I locate a curved plate, a, extendingacross and downwardly, and I form the top of a perforated plate, J, sothat should the boiler prime or have any foreign substance floating onthe surface of the water it would be prevented from entering thesteam-chamber, and thus prevented from being carried to the valves ofthe engine.

Another purpose this perforated plate serves is, the steam is compelledto enter the chamber in jets, and in this way it is made to impingeagainst the top of the curved plate 11. The water in the steam being theheavier, it adheres to the surface of the-plate, and is thus separatedfrom the steam, the steam passing to the engine in a dry and cleanstate. I may, however, form achamber above the tube-sheet and convey thesteam to the chamber, as shown in dotted lines on Fig. 2.

The pipe which conveys the steam to the engine is shown with its mouthdown; butit may be turned up, or in any approved way, or it may bestopped at the end and the body perforated.

In operating the engine the pumps may be attachedv in the usual way; butI prefer to have the eccentric that operates the valve also operate thepumps. I however claim nothing on the engine.

Fig. 2 also shows the smoke-stack provided with two induction-aperturesfrom the boiler, one at the top of the boiler, communicating with thedirect tubes, and one communicating with the return-tubes, at theash-pit. When it is desirable to have direct draft, at such times asfirst kindling the fire, or when the temperature in the boiler is to belowered, &c., the valve in the upper branch is opened; but

' when it is desired to have the products of combustion returned throughthe outside circle or down tubes to chamber E, then the valve K isclosed, and then the smoke passes out the bottom flue to thesmoke-stack.Shouldthe downdraft be sluggish the exhaust-steam may be turned into thechimney ora jet of live steam, and thus the draft be accelerated.

Fig. 5 represents a very compact, cheap, and efficientboiler, alsomadeinthree sectionsthe lower, middle, and top sections-substantiallythe same as the other, differing only in the size of thecombustion-chamber, and inserting water-circulatin g andsteam-generating coils of pipe in the place of the fire-tube, and whichare made very cheaply, and are rapid generators. Two of these coils arefastened to the sides of the boiler and the other two to thecrown-sheet. The top and middle sections are also connected by outsidepipes, both for steam and water circulation. This boiler iscomparatively light, holding but little water and ex- The upper posing alarge heating-surface.

portion of the boiler forms the steam-chamber,

and is provided with a series of flame-tubes, which not only generatesteam but also superheat it. I

The lower portion or ash-pit performs the same functions as regards theengine-shaft, and is constructed the same as that shown on Sheet 1, onlythat the annular plate around the furnace is not perforated forflueholes. The chamber E in this case could be used entirely forafeed-water heater-with good results. In this figure (5) aninjector isshown attached to the heater-connections, so that should it be preferredto dispense with the pump, or if the pump should break, the injectorwould be available without further trouble.

It is evidentthatblowoif cocks to the heater, bottom of the boiler,850., may be applied in the usual manner; also, safety-valves, gages,and other appliances, (not shown,) will readily suggest themselves.

Having now described my invention and its mode of operation, what Iclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. In a boiler and engine, the combination of the shaft of the enginewith the water-cylinder, running transversely and centrally through theash-pit of the boiler, and resting in bearings formed in the same,whereby the power of the engine is transferred below the bottom of theboiler, in the manner and for the purposes herein shown and described.

2. In aportable boiler, the combination of the pump-connection h andwater-cylinder G, located as shown, with the exhaust-steam heater andtheir combined connections, whereby the water is first heated in thewater-cylinder and then in the exhaust-steam cylinder before itsinduction into the boiler, all constructed and arranged to operate asshown and described.

3. In a steam-boiler, the combination of the steam-chamber locatedwithin the water-space between the tube-sheets, said chamber beingprovided with aperforated top to prevent scum from entering, and acurved plate, 1', for separating the steam from the water, allconstructed and arranged to operate as herein set forth and described.

4. In an engine-boiler, the combination of the furnace, the directfire-tubes b, the smokebox 0, return-tubes D, the ash-pit s1nokechamberE, formed by the walls of and the annular tube-sheet (Z, with the branchsmokestack, all constructed and arranged to operate in the manner andfor the purpose set forth and described.

DANIEL HALE.

Witnesses:

H. S. HARRIMAN, H. P. NoYEs.

